Our Lab hosts the following instrumentation and equipment.
Helium Recovery
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/box-scaled-e1631886538469-1024x673.jpg)
Quantum Design ATL 160 Helium Liquefier
Our lab is equipped with a recovery line for low-pressure helium gas and of an helium liquefier system.
Cryomagnetic Systems
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/PPMS-608x1024.jpg)
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/sample_pucks-scaled-e1631893523351-635x1024.jpg)
Quantum Design Physical Properties Measurement System (PPMS) (2-300 K, 0-7 T), equipped with:
- Susceptometer
- Torque magnetometer
- Heat Capacity Calorimeter
- Magneto-Resistivity
- Hall probe
- 3He system (base T=300mK)
- Home-made probe and sample holder with microwave coaxial lines (0-18 GHz) and optical fiber.
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/magnet_and_heliox-e1631883015440.png)
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/IMG_0120-1.jpeg)
Oxford Instruments (9+1+1) T Vector Magnet with Oxford Heliox VL 3He Cryostat (base T = 250 mK), equipped with:
- microwave coaxial lines (0-18 GHz)
- low-noise DC lines with low-pass filters
RF and Microwave Instrumentation
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/vna-1024x613.png)
- Agilent PNA 5222A Programmable Network Analyzer (0-26 GHz)
- AT ARB Rider AWG-4022 Arbitrary Waveform Generator by Active Technologies
- Anritsu MG3692B RF/Microwave Signal Generator (0-20 GHz)
- AnaPico APSIN12G RF and Microwave Signal Generator (0-12 GHz)
- Anrtisu MS2721A Spectrum Analyzer (0-7 GHz)
- Agilent Infiivision DSO6104A Digital Oscilloscope
- Stanford Reaserach Systems SR830 DSP Lock-in Amplifier
- Keithley 2636B System Source Meter and 2636 System Source Meter
- Keithley 6221 DC and AC Current Source
Experimental Set-ups and Techniques
We have implemented several ready to use set-ups and techniques, some of them also in combination with the cryomagnetic systems and the RF and MW Instrumentation above.
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/IMG_0260-1024x683.jpeg)
- Lakeshore TTPX Cryogenic Probe Station, equipped with 4 DC probes and nano-electronics for current measurements in the picoampere range.
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/pw_set_up_2-scaled-e1631889621473-1024x579.jpg)
- Home-made etherodyne spectrometer for single-tone, pulsed-wave transmission spectroscopy (6-10 GHz)
- Microwave components and electronics for single-tone and two-tone continuous-wave transmission spectroscopy (0-18 GHz)
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/IMG20230925093238-1013x1024.jpg)
- Bruker electromagnet equipped with X-band EMX EPR Spectrometer
Additional Equipments and facilities
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/other-scaled-e1631894046527-860x1024.jpg)
- Optical and UV light sources with diffraction grating (300-750 nm)
- Omicron LDM 375/670 Laser Source
- KS 4123 wedge bonder
- Sample fabrication is available at the building by means of shared optical litography and nano-lithography (EBL, FIB and RIE) laboratories.
- Additional spectroscopic techniques are available in the same building at Centro Interterdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti (CIGS) upon request.
- An additional machine shop service with mechanical, electrical and informatic expertise is also available in the building.
Measurements Control and Automation
![](https://www.lowtlab.unimore.it/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/python_small.bmp)
We currently use the Python Programming Language and Anaconda distribution to implement the control and automation of our instruments and measurements, exploting available frameworks (e.g. QCoDes) as well as home-made software. We also have experience on National Instruments LabVIEW for some applications.